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死刑制度の廃止か存続かは、現在世界各地で最も熱く論議されている人類が直面する最重要課題の一つといえますが、今語られている要素のほとんどは、すでに18世紀のヨーロッパでの議論中にすでに見出すことのできるものです。抑止力として有効性、復讐心、人権、国家による死刑宣告の妥当性、恩赦、犯罪者の年齢や心の病、制度施行の経費、死刑に代わる刑罰、社会への影響、処刑の方法等々、様々な問題が約2世紀にわたり論じられてきました。
本文献集は死刑に関わる論議が高まった1725年頃から、米国の大半の州政府に続き、英国でも公開処刑が中止された1868年までの、英米で発表された雑誌論文、新聞記事、パンフレットそして未発表文献約50を収録します。マンドヴィル、ヘンリー・フィールディング、エドモンド・バーク、ロベスピエール、ウィリアム・ペイリー、ジェレミー・ベンサム、バシル・モンタギュー、ミル父子、エドワード・リヴィングストン、ギルバート・ウェイクフィールド、マルクス、サッカレー、チャールズ・ラム、チャールズ・ディケンズそしてヴィクトール・ユーゴー（ロンドン・タイムズ紙への投稿を収録）など、哲学者、神学者、政治家から文学者にいたるまで、この時代を代表する知識人の死刑制度への発言、著述をまとめます。
死刑論に関する初期文献資料の初めての集成です。巻頭には編者による序論（約60頁）が書き下ろされます。
■内容明細■
Volume
I
James E. Crimmins:Introduction, 60 pp.
1 Bernard Mandeville: An inquiry into the causes of the
frequent executions at Tyburn: And a proposal for some
regulations concerning felons in prisons, and the good
effects to be expected from them. London 1725. 55 pp.
2 George Ollyffe: An essay humbly offer'd, for an Act
of Parliament to prevent capital crimes, and the loss
of many lives, London 1731. 27 pp.
3 Henry Fielding: An enquiry into the causes of the late
increase of robbers, &c., with some proposals for
remedying this growing evil. In which the present reigning
vices are impartially exposed; and the laws that relate
to the provision for the poor, and to the punishment of
felons are largely and freely examined …, London 1751,
7 pp.
4 Cesare Beccaria: On Crimes and Punishments (1767), an
extract printed in Basil Montagu (ed.), 10 pp.
5 Sir William Meredith: Punishment of Death. A series
of short articles, to appear occasionally in numbers designed
for general circulation. No. 1. Speech of the Right Hon.
Sir William Meredith, Bart. In the House of Commons, May
13, 1777, in ommittee on a bill Creating a New Capital
Felony … Fifth edition. London 1831-32. 8 pp.
6 Anon. [possibly Edmund Burke]: Review of An Essay on
Crimes and Punishments; translated from the Italian: with
a Commentary attributed to Monsieur de Voltaire; translated
from the French., London 1779. 5 pp.
7 Edmund Burke: (1) "Notes for Speech on Capital
Punishment" [ante 14 May 1777]
(2) "Some Thoughts on the Approaching Executions,
10 July 1780",
(3) "Additional Reflexions on the Executions, 18
July 1780". 9 pp.
8 [Martin Madan]: Thoughts on executive justice, with
respect to our criminal laws, particularly on the circuits,
dedicated to the Judges of Assize; and recommended to
the perusal of all magistrates; and to all persons who
are liable to serve on Crown Juries. By a sincere well-wisher
to the public. London 1785. 170 pp.
9 [Martin Madan]: Appendix to "Thoughts on executive
justice," &c. occasioned by a charge given to
the Grand Jury for the County of Surrey, at the Lent Assizes
of 785, by the Hon. Sir Richard Perryn, Knt. One of the
barons of His Majesty's Court of Exchequer. London 1785.
77 pp.
Volume
II
10 Benjamin Rush:
(1) "An enquiry into the effects of public punishments
upon criminals, and upon society. Read in the Society
for Promoting Political Enquiries, convened at the house
of Benjamin Franklin, esq. In Philadelphia, March 9th,
1787"
(2) "An enquiry into the consistency of the punishment
of murder by death, with reason and revelation" (1797).
27 pp.
11 Benjamin Rush: Considerations on the injustice and
impolicy of punishing murder by death. Extracted from
the American museum. Philadelphia 1792. 19 pp.
12 William Paley: Principles of moral and political philosophy
(1785), 25 pp.
13 Jeremy Bentham: Principles of penal law, Bk.II Rationale
of punishment, Ch.XI "Capital Punishment", and
Ch. XII "Capital Punishment Examined". 7 pp.
14 Jeremy Bentham: "Law versus arbitrary power, or
a hatchet for Dr. Paley's net" (1809) [unpublished
mss.]. ca. 25 pp.
15 [Samuel Romilly]: Observations on a late publication,
intituled, Thoughts on Executive Justice: to which is
added, a letter containing remarks on the same work. London
1786. 162 pp.
16 James Dana: The intent of capital punishment. A Discourse
delivered in the city of New-Haven, October 20, 1790.
Being the day of the execution of Joseph Mountain, for
a Rape. New Haven [1790]. 28 pp.
17 Maximilien Marie Isidore de Robespierre: "Against
Capital Punishment" (1791), 3 pp. 18 Robert James
Turnbull: A Visit to the Philadelphia Prison; Being an
Accurate and Particular account of the wise and human
administration adopted in every part of that building;
containing also an account of the gradual reformation,
and present improved state, of the penal laws of Pennsylvania:
With observations on the impolicy and injustice of capital
punishments. Philadelphia 1796. 100 pp.
19 Charles Lamb: "On the inconveniences resulting
from being hanged" (1810), 8pp.
Volume III
20 Samuel Romilly:Observations on the criminal law of
England as it relates to capital punishments, and on the
mode in which it is administered , extracts in Speeches
of Sir Samuel Romilly in the House of Commons (2 vols.
London 1820),
vol. 1, pp.38-51, 106-194, 236-243, 315-27, 339-356, 425-35,
444-479; vol. 2,
pp.17-21, 320-329. 203 pp.
21 [James Mill]: "Art. XIV. Observations on the criminal
law of England, as it relates to capital punishments,
and on the mode in which it is administered. 3pp.
22 [James Mill]:
(1) "On the penal law of England, with respect to
capital punishments, and as connected with the transportation
and penitentiary systems".
(2) "On the Criminal Laws. To the editor of The Philanthropist".
(3) "Debates on the Penal Law". In The Philanthropist,
44 pp.
23 [Samuel Whelpley ]: Letters addressed to Caleb Strong,
Esq. Late Governor of Massachusetts, showing that retaliation,
capital punishments, and war, are prohibited by the gospel;
justified by no good principle; not necessary to the safety
of individuals or nations: but, incompatible with their
welfare; inconsistent with the Christian character; and
contrary to the laws of Christ,
New York 1816, 6 pp.
24 Edward Livingston:
(1) Report made by Edward Livingston to the honourable
the Senate and House of Representatives of the state of
Louisiana in General Assembly convened [1822].
(2) An extract from Introductory report to the Code of
Crimes and Punishments
[1824], New York 1873. 116 pp.
Volume
IV
25 Basil Montagu: The debate in the House of Commons,
April 5, 1813, upon Sir Samuel Romilly's Bill on the punishment
for high treason. London 1813. 78 pp.
26 Basil Montagu: Thoughts on the punishment of death
for forgery. London 1830. 216 pp.
27 J.S. Mill: "Attempt to Save the Ex-Ministers",
Examiner (24 October 1830), 5 pp.
28 Jeremy Bentham: Principles of penal law, Bk.II Rationale
of punishment, Appendix: "On death punishment"
(1831), 8 pp.
29 Anon.: Review articles
(1) " Mr. Bentham's Letter to the Citizens of France
on Death Punishment. London. 1831.
(2) Report and Publications of the Society for Diffusing
Information on the Subject of Capital Punishments. Harvey
and Darton. 1831-32.
(3) Report of the Committee of the House of Commons on
Secondary Punishments.
1831-2.
(4) Remarks on the expediency of Abolishing the Punishment
of Death. By Edward Livingston, LL.D. Philadelphia. 1831",
Westminster Review, (1832), 11 pp.
30 Anon.: The Punishment of Death. A Selection of Articles
from the Morning Herald. London 1836. Selections:
(1) "General character of the criminal code - Speech
of Mr. BULLAR at the public meeting, Southampton"
(15 March 1830).
(2) "The Forgery Laws - Petition presented by Mr.
Secretary Peel" (29 May
1830).
(3) "Public Meeting at Exeter Hall - Resolution against
the Punishment of
Death" (31 May 1831).
(4) "Remarks on the necessity of Legal Reform"
(13 August 1831). 15 pp.
31 Fonblanque: "Capital Punishments", in England
under Seven Administrations,
London, 1837, 13 pp.
32 William Makepeace Thackeray: "Going to See a Man
Hanged," Fraser's
Magazine, 1840, 18 pp.
Volume
V
33 Edward Gibbon Wakefield: Facts relating to the punishment
of death in the Metropolis ... Second edition; with an
appendix, concerning murder for the sale of the dead body.
London 1832. 225 pp.
34 Edward Gibbon Wakefield:The hangman and the judge or,
a letter from Jack Ketch to Mr. Justice Alderson; revised
by the Ordinary of Newgate and edited by E. G. Wakefield.
London 1833. 16 pp. 35 Edward Gibbon Wakefield:
The terrorstruck town. The Monthly Tract Book. No.1, October
1833. 16 pp.
36 [C.E. Dodd?] Review article:
(1) "Facts relating to the Punishment of Death in
the Metropolis. By Edward Gibbon Wakefield, Esq. London.
1831
(2) Reports from the Select Committe on Criminal Commitments
and Convictions.
Communicated by the Commons to the Lords, 1828, Quarterly
Review, 1832, 47 pp.
37 LB [possibly
Bacon]: "Shall punishment be abolished?" in
The New Englander.1846, 25 pp.
38 Henry Christmas: Capital punishments unsanctioned by
the gosepel and unnecessary in a Christian state. A letter
to the Rev. Sir John Page Wood, Bart., B.C. L. London
1846. 22 pp
Volume
VI
39 George Cheever and Taylor Lewis: A defence of capital
punishment, by Rev. George Cheever, D.D., and an Essay
on the ground and reason of punishment, with special reference
to the Penalty of Death; by Taylor Lewis, Esq. With an
appendix, containing a review of Burleigh on the death
penalty. New York 1846. 377 pp.
Volume VII
40 Robert Rantoul, Jr.: Capital punishment. Mr. Rantoul's
labors for the repeal of the laws requiring the penalty
of death (including Report on the abolition of capital
punishment, 1836), Boston, 1854, 90 pp.
41 [Thomas Cooper]: Two orations against taking away human
life under any circumstance. London 1846. 56 pp.
42 Charles Dickens: Letters to
(1) The Daily News, 23 and 28 Feb., 9, 13, and 16 March
1846
(2) The Times, 14 and 19 Nov. 1849, together with commentaries
and replies in The Times, 14, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, and
26 Nov. 1849, and 12 July 1850.
(3) a selection of private letters from Dickens to various
correspondents, in Selected letters of Charles Dickens,
ed. David Paroissien, 20 pp.
43 Victor Hugo: Letter to The Times, 20 February 1854.
1 p.
44 Anon.: Perforations in the "Latter-Day Pamphlets":
By one of the eighteen millions of bores, edited by Elizur
Wright, Boston 1850. 48 pp.
45 Karl Marx: "Capital Punishment", New York
Daily Tribune (18 February 1853),3 pp.
46 Charles Phillips: Vacation thoughts on capital punishments.
London 1857. 121 pp.
47 James F. Stephens: "Capital punishments",
Fraser's Magazine, 1864, 20 pp.
48 J.S. Mill: "Capital Punishment", Parliamentary
Debates, 6 pp.
■死刑論 Part 2
復刻版 死刑論集 全３巻
The Opinions of Different Authors upon the Punishment
of Death,
selected by Basil Montagu
バジル・モンタギュー編
新序文：James E. Crimmins
2003年12年刊行 本体セット価￥62,500- ISBN 4-901481-68-1
●底本：1809-1813年刊
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